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What is a TED flare?

A TED flare is when TED symptoms appear again after a period of stability. In a study of 415 patients, 15.7% of patients experienced recurrent TED. Most of these cases occurred within the first 1O years after the first episode of TED.

TED, Thyroid Eye Disease.

What Happens During Thyroid Eye Disease?

TED has 2 phases:

Active phase

Active phase

Characterized by inflammation, swelling, and visible symptoms such as eye bulging.

  • Duration: ~2 months to 2 years
Inactive phase

Inactive phase

Characterized by scarring, reduced inflammation, and potential carryover of symptoms from the active phase.

  • Duration: After ~1 to 3 years of the active phase, TED typically enters the inactive phase

How does the eye change during the different phases of TED?

The components of an eye include the eyelid, eye muscles, fat tissues and optic nerve.

Healthy eye

What’s happening in front of the eye?

  • There is no swelling or redness in the eyeball and eyelid

What’s happening behind the eye?

  • There is no inflammation (or swelling) behind the eye
  • The muscle and fat tissue are not swollen and therefore do not press against the eye or on the optic nerve, allowing for normal vision
In an eye affected by active Thyroid Eye Disease, the eyelids are pulled back, the eyes bulge, the eyes and eyelids become red and swollen, the fat tissue behind the eye expands, and the muscle tissue behind the eye becomes swollen.

Eye with active TED

What’s happening in front of the eye?

Visible changes begin to appear. Changes include:

  • Pulled-back eyelids
  • Bulging eyes
  • Misaligned eyes
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Watery eyes

What’s happening behind the eye?

  • Muscle and fat tissue become inflamed and swell
  • Over time, scarring (also known as “fibrosis” [fahy-broh-sis]) can take place, and patients may experience permanent damage
In an eye affected by inactive Thyroid Eye Disease, the eyelids are pulled back, there is eye muscle scarring behind the eyes, and the fat tissue behind the eye hardens.

Eye with inactive TED

What’s happening in front of the eye?

If left unmanaged, the scar tissue behind the eye may continue to cause symptoms such as:

  • Pulled-back eyelids
  • Bulging eyes
  • Double vision
  • Misaligned eyes
  • Redness and swelling

What’s happening behind the eye?

  • Scar tissue that began forming during the active phase continues to cause damage to the eyes and permanent changes to vision may result
caution

Although TED may slow down or become “inactive” over time, it may not go away

Both the active and inactive phases
require treatment and management

Learn about your TED symptoms

What can Thyroid Eye Disease look like?

If left unmanaged, it is more likely that eye damage or even vision loss can occur. Early diagnosis of TED and appropriate measures to prevent disease progression should be implemented.

A patient with Thyroid Eye Disease demonstrates eyelid retraction and proptosis.A patient with Thyroid Eye Disease demonstrates eyelid retraction and proptosis.
A patient with Thyroid Eye Disease demonstrates eyelid retraction and proptosis.A patient with Thyroid Eye Disease demonstrates eyelid retraction and proptosis.

TED, Thyroid Eye Disease.